Noticing an unexpected bald patch or suddenly losing eyelashes can be an unsettling experience. If you or a loved one have been affected by abrupt hair loss, it may be a sign of alopecia. The board-certified team at Northstar Dermatology excels at identifying alopecia and designing a personalized treatment plan to promote regrowth and prevent further hair loss. If this condition is impacting your confidence and well-being, don’t hesitate to contact us for a professional evaluation.
People often mistake general alopecia with “alopecia areata,” which is a specific form of patchy hair loss triggered by an autoimmune reaction. Broadly speaking, alopecia is a medical term that covers every type of hair loss condition, from alopecia areata to hereditary hair thinning.
There are multiple variants of alopecia, or hair loss, which generally fall into two main categories: scarring and non-scarring hair loss.
Scarring types are less common and usually result from an immune response to hair follicles, causing symptoms like redness, scaling, itching, or burning on the scalp. This immune activity can eventually destroy hair follicles, leading to scar tissue buildup and permanent hair loss.
Non-scarring alopecia is more common, including conditions like telogen effluvium and androgenetic (hereditary) hair loss. Telogen effluvium involves a widespread shedding of hair that often follows a major physiological stressor, such as a severe infection, chronic illness, surgery, significant weight loss, or childbirth. Hair loss typically begins around three months after the triggering event and can last for approximately six months. Fortunately, hair affected this way is expected to grow back completely in time.
Hereditary or androgenetic hair loss is extremely prevalent and may stem from both genetics and individual sensitivity to androgen hormones. Up to 80% of people experience hereditary hair loss at some stage, although the age of onset, pace, and extent of hair loss can differ greatly from person to person.
Before beginning treatment for hair loss, it’s vital to consult your physician for an examination and lab tests to rule out any underlying medical issues.
In the case of hereditary hair loss, there are several treatment options. One effective over-the-counter choice is minoxidil 5% foam or liquid, often known by the brand name Rogaine, which can be applied to the scalp once or twice daily. Minoxidil can thicken existing fine hairs, resulting in a fuller appearance on the scalp. Results may take up to six months, and some initial shedding is common. Prescription-strength minoxidil is also available from dermatologists, and oral minoxidil is emerging as a successful treatment.
There are other forms of oral medication on the market as well. Spironolactone is used for female pattern hair loss, while finasteride and dutasteride block androgen effects on hair follicles for both men and women. Options like tofacitinib, olumiant (baricitinib), and litfulo (ritlecitinib) are used in severe cases of alopecia areata. These medications, while generally safe, have specific side effects that should be discussed with your doctor.
Corticosteroid injections are another solution that can promote hair regrowth in balding areas. They typically require a series of treatments every 4–8 weeks.
Hair loss is a sensitive issue for many people due to its societal connection with beauty and vitality. Many products promise a quick fix, exploiting the self-conscious feelings alopecia can cause, but they are usually ineffective or costly. It’s crucial to set realistic expectations when treating this condition. There is no instant remedy or way to completely regain the hair density you may have enjoyed as a youth. Thankfully though, because of medical advancements, better and better treatments for hair loss are gradually being discovered. Regardless of your specific dermatology concerns, seeking out the advice of a medical expert will allow you to proceed safely and with confidence.
